Colombo, the capital of Sri Lanka, has a rich history that dates back millennia. With ancient trade routes connecting it to other great civilizations, the city’s past has many intriguing stories and landmarks. Here are eight fascinating facts about the history of Colombo. If you’re spending time in Colombo, be sure to visit them!
1. Colombo was Once the Ancient Port of Kelani Tissai
Long before Colombo became the cosmopolitan city it is today, it was known for the ancient port of Kelani Tissa, built around 200 BC. This port was a popular trading hub in the Indian Ocean, attracting merchants from all around the world. The port facilitated the exchange of spices, gems, and other valuable goods, propelling the island’s economic development.
2. Colombo is Mentioned in Ancient Greek, Roman, and Chinese Texts
Colombo’s history stretches back over 2,000 years. The city was mentioned by Greek, Persian, Roman, Arab, and Chinese traders. These ancient merchants were drawn to Colombo due to its strategic location on the east-west trade routes and its natural harbour, which provided a safe haven for their ships. Over time, Colombo became a crucial node in international trade.
3. Colombo Went By Many Names
Colombo has been known by various names throughout its history. The Sinhalese called it “Kolon thota,” which means “port on the river Kelani.” The name evolved when the Portuguese arrived in the 16th century, who called it “Colombo,” believed to be derived from the classical Sinhalese name “Kolon thota” or “Kolamba.” The name has stuck ever since, enduring through the Dutch and British colonial periods.
4. The Portuguese Turned Colombo Into a Fort
The Portuguese arrived in Colombo in 1505, marking the beginning of European colonial influence in the city. They built a fort to protect their trading interests and established control over the coastal areas. The Portuguese legacy is still visible in Colombo through various architectural landmarks and the influence on the local cuisine, particularly the use of spices and cooking methods.
5. A Dutch-Constructed Artificial Canal
In the mid-17th century, the Dutch ousted the Portuguese and took control of Colombo. They expanded the fortifications and constructed the Dutch Canal, which served both as a means of transport and a defense mechanism. The canal system facilitated the movement of goods and people within the city, while connecting Colombo with other parts of the island. Today, remnants of Dutch are still visible in areas like Pettah.
6. Colombo’s Oldest Building is The Dutch Hospital
The Old Colombo Dutch Hospital, built in 1681, is the oldest building in Colombo. Initially constructed as a hospital by the Dutch East India Company, it has been preserved and restored over the centuries. Today, this historical building serves as a shopping and dining precinct, providing visitors with a glimpse into the colonial era while enjoying modern amenities. If you’re visiting Colombo, make sure you don’t miss this landmark!
7. The Cinnamon Gardens Was Once a Cinnamon Plantation
Cinnamon Gardens, now a prime residential and commercial area in Colombo, has an intriguing history. During the Dutch and British periods, it was a cinnamon plantation, reflecting the importance of this spice in Sri Lanka’s economy. The transformation of these gardens into a prestigious neighbourhood is a testament to Colombo’s evolving landscape. Today, it is home to embassies, luxury residences, and the Royal Colombo Golf Club.
8. The Story behind Independence Memorial Hall
The Independence Memorial Hall, located in Independence Square, is a symbol of Sri Lanka’s journey to self-governance. Built to commemorate the country’s independence from British rule in 1948, this monument is a significant landmark in Colombo. The hall’s design is inspired by traditional Sri Lankan architecture, and it serves as a venue for national celebrations and cultural events. Today, the Memorial Hall is regarded as a tribute to the resilience and determination of the Sri Lankan people.
Planning a Trip? Book Your Stay at MaRadha Colombo
With an enviable location in the heart of the financial district, MaRadha Colombo provides a comfortable stay for all business and leisure travellers, with easy access to your shopping, entertainment, and business needs. Maradha Colombo overlooks the Indian Ocean and is truly one of a kind, featuring 35 premium hotel rooms, suites, and apartments. We will ensure your stay in Colombo is truly perfect.
